PROLOGUE On The Snowden Trail: Hong Kong 2014 The National Security Agency, or, as it now commonly called, the NSA, was created on October 24, 1952, in such a tight cocoon of secrecy that even the Presidential order creating it was classified “Top Secret.” When journalists asked...
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Russian authorities. On Sept. 23, 2013, Mr. Kucherena gave a long interview to Sophie Shevardnadze, a journalist for Russia Today television. When Ms. Shevardnadze directly asked him if Mr. Snowden had given all the documents he had taken from the NSA to journalists in Hong Kong...
160 National Intelligence justified the secret intelligence budget by saying in an open session of Congress, “We are bolstering our support for clandestine SIGINT [signal intelligence] capabilities to collect against high priority targets, including foreign leadership targets,”...
…utside mainland China. A large contingent of its officers are stationed officially in the Prince of Wales skyscraper in central Hong Kong and unofficially main- tain informers in Hong Kong’s police, governing authority, airport administration, and other levers of power. It checks...
assistance swelled in FY 2013, the Office’s fourth year. OGIS opened 508 cases, a 40-percent increase from FY 2012 when OGIS opened 361 cases. OGIS also handled more than 230 inquiries—telephone calls and emails yielding quick responses that did not require cases be opened—in FY...
12.9 AGI Ethics As Related to Various Future Scenarios 235 approach does not necessarily need to be augmented with a prior complex of “ascent-safe” moral imperatives at startup time. Developing an AGI with theory of mind and ethical reinforcement learning capabilities as describ...
158 | HOW AMERICA LOST ITS SECRETS The CIA also had its share of long-term successes, such as Alex- ander Poteyev, who fed the CIA secrets for over ten years while burrowing into Russian intelligence. In the choreography of these operations, as in Le Carré’s fiction, rival intel...
Mind over Computer 29 In the vast, inhospitable Outback it is vitally important you remember that water can be found at the two rocks near the old gnarled tree. Forget this and you will die of thirst. It was once thought the skill evolved through natural selection, but this migh...
136 7 A Formal Model of Intelligent Agents weight to a situation S based on the ease with which one agent in a society can communicate S to another agent in that society, using multimodal communication (including verbalization, demonstration, dramatic and pictorial depiction, et...
162 9 General Intelligence in the Everyday Human World 9.2 Some Broad Properties of the Everyday World That Help Structure Intelligence The properties of the everyday world that help structure intelligence are diverse and span multiple levels of abstraction. Most of this chapte...
166 9 General Intelligence in the Everyday Human World Under the assumption of the Embodied Communication Prior (with the Natural Knowledge Categories assumption), the property above called “cognitive complete- ness” is necessary and sufficient for efficient general intelligence...
24 2 What Is Human-Like General Intelligence? it, we will go through some more background regarding human-like intelligence (in the rest of this chapter), philosophy of mind (in Chapter 3) and contemporary AGI architectures (in Chapter4). 2.3 Further Characterizations of Humanl...
171 telephones (SORM 1), emails and other Internet activity (SORM-2), and computer data storage of billing information (SORM-3). Not only did Russia run a nationwide system of Internet-filtering in 2013, but it requires their telecommunication companies furnish to it worldwide d...
184 CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE The Pawn in the Game “The whole key is, the state department’s the one who put me in Russia.” --Edward Snowden in Moscow, 2014 When Snowden arrived in Hong Kong on May 20, 2013 he became a person on interest to any parties who knew, or later learned,...
217 CHAPTER TWENTY NINE The Whistle Blower Who Became a Controlled Source “The [U.S.] government’s investigation failed—that they don’t know what was taken” —Edward Snowden in Moscow In Moscow I had learned that Russian intelligence services use the broad, umbrella term “esp...