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Turing’s Machine 225
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015915.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

Turing’s Machine 225 execution. You might ask what runs the operating system and that is a smaller program called the BIOS. What runs BIOS? An even smaller program called the Bootstrap. Once all this is up and running you have a working computer, which can run any program you th...

Lego Turing Machine
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015910.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

Lego Turing Machine “Machines take me by surprise with great frequency. Alan Turing HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015910

Mind over Computer 15
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015705.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…ement artificial intelligence to make the aliens more believable and our hearts pump faster. Origin of Computers Alan Turing effectively invented the modern day computer in a paper he submitted to the London Mathematical Society in the summer of 1936. He was not the first perso...

‘The sister test in robotics is equally hard. The goal is to simulate the
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015765.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…miles of themselves. They love the flattery but feel a sense of revulsion at anything that comes too close. Searle and Turing In the Turing Test, we limited our senses to the purely symbolic: using only typed words on a screen. I could break the lock on the door and go into the...

us to predict this future even though there is no clue from the motion of
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015761.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…ood would Watson have to be, to call it - or should I say ‘him - intelligent? How could I judge this had happened? Alan Turing proposed an ingenious test in his 1950 paper Computing Machinery and Intelligence using “The Imitation Game? We now call the Turing Test. If we ask a se...

George Dyson is a historian of science and technology and the author of Baidarka: the
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016257.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…istorian of science and technology and the author of Baidarka: the Kayak, Darwin Among the Machines, Project Orion, and Turing’s Cathedral. The history of computing can be divided into an Old Testament and a New Testament: before and after electronic digital computers and the co...

72 Are the Androids Dreaming Yet?
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015762.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…ing it likes, including lying to pass the test! If the computer can fool a questioner into believing it is a human then Turing argued the computer has shown it is at least as intelligent as we are. It used to be assumed that the field of broad general knowledge would be hard for...

But Wiener failed to foresee crucial technological developments. Like pretty
document IMAGES-004-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016822.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…r includes quirks and habits of the human pilot, thus a mechanized device can predict the behavior of humans. Like Alan Turing, whose Turing Test suggested that computing machines could give responses to questions which were indistinguishable from human responses, Wiener was fasc...

But Wiener failed to foresee crucial technological developments. Like pretty
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016239.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…r includes quirks and habits of the human pilot, thus a mechanized device can predict the behavior of humans. Like Alan Turing, whose Turing Test suggested that computing machines could give responses to questions which were indistinguishable from human responses, Wiener was fasc...

Turing’s Machine 227
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015917.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

Turing’s Machine 227 and so on. You can see that every program imaginable is generated in our list. If you are wondering which version of Word or Excel, the answer is every version and every bug ridden unreleased version as well. We are enumerating every program that could ever...

‘A computer would deserve to
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_015900.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

‘A computer would deserve to be called intelligent if it could deceive a human into believing that it was human.” Alan Turing “The only real valuable thing is intuition.” Albert Einstein “Mathematical reasoning may be regarded rather schematically as the exercise of a combina...

von Neumann and others on computers came directly not from Turing Machines but
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016404.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

von Neumann and others on computers came directly not from Turing Machines but through this bypath of neural networks. But simple neural networks didn’t do much. Frank Rosenblatt invented a learning device he called the perceptron, which was a one-layer neural network. In the la...

and you turn that special capability to a human purpose, to something you want
document IMAGES-003-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_016405.txt House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025)

…n’t tell you. At that point, you’d know you were talking to a computer and not a person. But now when it comes to these Turing Tests, people who’ ve tried connecting, for example, Wolfram|Alpha to their Turing Test bots find that the bots lose every time. Because all you have to...