Document

e §=Utility Value Chain

Ref IMAGES-007-HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_024227.txt Release House Oversight Committee — Epstein Estate Records (Nov 2025) 1 pages

Epstein Suite indexes the text; the original document lives at its official source. We don't host the original file — view it on the official release to read it in full.

View the original on the official release

People & organizations named in this document

Being named here is not an accusation of wrongdoing.

Document text

Text is machine OCR and may contain errors. Confirm against the original source above.

Global Utility White Paper CONFIDENTIAL e §=Utility Value Chain The electricity value chain for a modern day fully integrated utility consists of Generation + Transmission + Distribution + Customers (see diagram below). Each segment of the value chain is a different business, with distinct risks and economic drivers. Competition has surfaced in each part of the value chain other than transmission and distribution (which are fully-regulated assets as they are deemed to be natural monopolies). Still, regulators have learned to bring indirect competition even to monopoly-regulated businesses by encouraging returns based on efficiency improvements or benchmarking to comparable companies. Basic Structure of the Electric System Subtransmission Customer 26kV and 69kV Transmission Lines 500, 345, 230, and 138 kV Substation Step-Down Transformer Primary Customer T3KV and 4 kV Generator Step Transmission Up Transformer Customer Generating Station 138kV or 230kV Secondary Customer 120V and 240V Source: US Department of Energy 26 Electron Capital Partners, LLC HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_024227

Have a question about what this document contains?

Ask the documents