Chart 27: 3% Global GDP growth the tipping point for EPS

Chart 27: 3% Global GDP growth the tipping point for EPS Europe trailing EPS growth vs World GDP Chart 28: Synchronised rise in leading indicators globally augurs well for earnings recovery — especially if PMs kick on to or above mid-50s 50% 7% 65 60 40% - ' 0 30% 504 20% : 56 20 10% 4% 50 0% 3% P 0 “10% 2% -20 -20% - 40 -30% » 35 -40 -40% 6 30 60 “50% “1% 01/98 01/01 01/04 01/07 O10 0113 01/16 Q496 Q499 Q402 Q405 Q408 Q411 Q414 Q417 Source: BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research, Datastream, IBES MSCI Europe 12m trail EPS (IBES) ———World GDP (right) =———|SM / Euro PMI manuf avg (advanced 9m) =———|MSCI Europe EPS € (trailing yoy, RHS) Source: BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research, Datastream, IBES Removal of the 3pp p.a. drag from Resources supports EPS outlook. Second, the Resources sectors in 2017 will likely provide a (strongly) positive contribution to market EPS, in turn reversing what has been the biggest headwind for several years. Over the last 3-5 years the Resources sectors provided a 2.5 percentage point drag on annualized market EPS growth. In 2016 Banks have been the other big drag on market earnings. While structural headwinds to profitability mean the contribution of Banks remains open to debate, consensus forecasts nevertheless imply a strong recovery in 2017 (driven in part by one-offs reversing). The important point is that the market ex-Banks and Resources has delivered modest but positive EPS growth — estimated at +5.5% for 2016. Hence, removing the drag from Oil and Mining makes high single digit growth achievable in our view. Chart 29: Resources a 2.5pp drag on market EPS growth in recent years Annualized EPS growth Chart 30: Capex discipline supportive to margin outlook Europe Ex-Financials: EBIT margins vs capex/depreciation 4 14% 100% m3yr mSyr m10yr 5 coe + 120% 10% 140% 8% 1609 6% 60% 4% 180% 1990 1994 1998 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 EBIT / sales (LS, %) Stoxx 600 Market Ex-Resources Market Ex-Banks & — — Forecast EBIT / sales (LS, %) Resources Capex/depreciation - 2yma pushed 2y fwd (RS, %) Source: BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research, Datastream, IBES Source: BofA Merrill Lynch Global Research, Factset Margin upside, capex discipline and FX tailwind provide additional support. Third, profit margins in Europe are not elevated: in the bottom third of the historical range (since 2004) at the EBITDA level and about average at the net level. With some acceleration in the top-line as global growth and inflation pick up, there is scope for margins to improve. In addition, several years of relative capex discipline provide potential support for margin improvement over the next 1-2 years in corporate Europe. Over the longer term, we find that operating margins have tended to improve with a lag of one to two years, following a period of declining capex ratios. That is encouraging for : Bankof America 12 European Equity Strategy | 01 December 2016 Merrill Lynch HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_014471