3.2 Some Patternist Principles 39

3.2 Some Patternist Principles 39 — Example: Building towers has been useful in a certain context, but so has building structures with a large number of triangles. Why not build a tower out of triangles? Or maybe a vaguely tower-like structure that uses more triangles than a tower easily could? — Example: Building an elongated block structure resembling a table was successful in the past, as was building a structure resembling a very flat version of a chair. Generalizing, maybe building distorted versions of furniture is good. Or maybe it is building distorted version of any previously perceived objects that is good. Or maybe both, to different degrees... Next, for a variety of reasons outlined in [Goe(6a] it becomes appealing to hypothesize that the network of patterns in an intelligent system must give rise to the following large-scale emergent structures e Hierarchical network. Patterns are habitually in relations of control over other patterns that represent more specialized aspects of themselves. — Example: The pattern associated with “tall building” has some control over the pattern associated with “tower”, as the former represents a more general concept ... and “tower” has some control over “Eiffel tower”, etc. e Heterarchical network. The system retains a memory of which patterns have previously been associated with each other in any way. — Example: “Tower” and “snake” are distant in the natural pattern hierarchy, but may be associatively /heterarchically linked due to having a common elongated structure. This heterarchical linkage may be used for many things, e.g. it might inspire the creative construction of a tower with a snake’s head. e Dual network. Hierarchical and heterarchical structures are combined, with the dynamics of the two structures working together harmoniously. Among many possible ways to hier- archically organize a set of patterns, the one used should be one that causes hierarchically nearby patterns to have many meaningful heterarchical connections; and of course, there should be a tendency to search for heterarchical connections among hierarchically nearby patterns. — Example: While the set of patterns hierarchically nearby “tower” and the set of patterns heterarchically nearby “tower” will be quite different, they should still have more overlap than random pattern-sets of similar sizes. So, if looking for something else heterarchically near “tower”, using the hierarchical information about “tower” should be of some use, and vice versa. — In PLN, hierarchical relationships correspond to Atoms A and B so that InheritanceAB and InheritanceB A have highly dissimilar strength; and heterarchical relationships cor- respond to IntensionalSimilarity relationships. The dual network structure then arises when intensional and extensional inheritance approximately correlate with each other, so that inference about either kind of inheritance assists with figuring out about the other kind. e Self structure. A portion of the network of patterns forms into an approximate image of the overall network of patterns. HOUSE_OVERSIGHT_012955